Source code for line_solver.api.sn.transforms

"""
SN transform functions.

Native Python implementations of network structure transformation and
parameter extraction functions.

Port from:
    - /matlab/src/api/sn/sn_get_*.m
    - /matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_*.m
    - /matlab/src/api/sn/sn_refresh_*.m
"""

import numpy as np
import scipy.sparse as sp
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, Tuple, List, NamedTuple
from dataclasses import dataclass

from .network_struct import NetworkStruct, NodeType, SchedStrategy


def get_chain_for_class(chains: np.ndarray, class_idx: int) -> int:
    """
    Get the chain ID that a class belongs to.

    Handles both 1D and 2D chain formats:
    - 1D: chains[class_idx] = chain_id
    - 2D: chains[chain_id, class_idx] > 0 if class in chain

    Args:
        chains: Chain membership array (1D or 2D)
        class_idx: Index of the class

    Returns:
        Chain ID, or -1 if not found
    """
    if chains is None or chains.size == 0:
        return -1

    chains_arr = np.asarray(chains)
    if chains_arr.ndim == 1:
        # 1D format: chains[k] = chain_id for class k
        if class_idx < len(chains_arr):
            return int(chains_arr[class_idx])
        return -1
    elif chains_arr.ndim == 2:
        # 2D format: chains[c, k] > 0 means class k is in chain c
        if class_idx < chains_arr.shape[1]:
            chain_ids = np.where(chains_arr[:, class_idx] > 0)[0]
            if len(chain_ids) > 0:
                return int(chain_ids[0])
        return -1
    return -1


[docs] class ProductFormParams(NamedTuple): """Result of sn_get_product_form_params calculation.""" lam: np.ndarray # Arrival rates for open classes (1, R) D: np.ndarray # Service demands at queueing stations (Mq, R) N: np.ndarray # Population vector (1, R) Z: np.ndarray # Think times at delay stations (1, R) mu: np.ndarray # Load-dependent scaling factors (Mq, Nmax) S: np.ndarray # Number of servers at queueing stations (Mq,) V: np.ndarray # Visit ratios (M, R)
[docs] def sn_get_product_form_params(sn: NetworkStruct) -> ProductFormParams: """ Extract standard product-form parameters from the network structure. This function extracts class-level parameters from a network structure for use in product-form queueing network analysis. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object Returns: ProductFormParams containing: - lam: Arrival rates for open classes - D: Service demands at queueing stations - N: Population vector - Z: Think times (service demands at delay stations) - mu: Load-dependent service capacity scaling factors - S: Number of servers at queueing stations - V: Visit ratios References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_get_product_form_params.m """ R = sn.nclasses N = sn.njobs.flatten() if sn.njobs is not None else np.zeros(R) # Find node types queue_indices = [] delay_indices = [] source_index = None for i, nt in enumerate(sn.nodetype): if nt == NodeType.QUEUE: queue_indices.append(i) elif nt == NodeType.DELAY: delay_indices.append(i) elif nt == NodeType.SOURCE: source_index = i Mq = len(queue_indices) Mz = len(delay_indices) # Initialize outputs lam = np.zeros(R) S = np.ones(Mq) # Get arrival rates for open classes if source_index is not None and sn.rates is not None: source_station = int(sn.nodeToStation[source_index]) if source_index < len(sn.nodeToStation) else -1 if source_station >= 0 and source_station < sn.rates.shape[0]: for r in range(R): if np.isinf(N[r]) and r < sn.rates.shape[1]: lam[r] = sn.rates[source_station, r] # Get number of servers for i, qi in enumerate(queue_indices): station_idx = int(sn.nodeToStation[qi]) if qi < len(sn.nodeToStation) else -1 if station_idx >= 0 and sn.nservers is not None and station_idx < len(sn.nservers): S[i] = sn.nservers.flatten()[station_idx] # Compute service demands D Nct = np.sum(N[np.isfinite(N)]) max_servers = max(int(np.max(S[np.isfinite(S)])) if len(S) > 0 and np.any(np.isfinite(S)) else 1, 1) D = np.zeros((max(Mq, 1), R)) mu = np.ones((max(Mq, 1), int(Nct) + max_servers)) if sn.rates is not None and sn.visits: for ist in range(Mq): qi = queue_indices[ist] station_idx = int(sn.nodeToStation[qi]) if qi < len(sn.nodeToStation) else -1 stateful_idx = int(sn.nodeToStateful[qi]) if qi < len(sn.nodeToStateful) else -1 for r in range(R): # Find chain containing class r chain_id = get_chain_for_class(sn.chains, r) if chain_id >= 0 and chain_id in sn.visits: visits = sn.visits[chain_id] if (station_idx >= 0 and station_idx < sn.rates.shape[0] and r < sn.rates.shape[1] and sn.rates[station_idx, r] > 0): if stateful_idx >= 0 and stateful_idx < visits.shape[0] and r < visits.shape[1]: visit_ratio = visits[stateful_idx, r] rate = sn.rates[station_idx, r] # Normalize by reference station visit ratio (like MATLAB) ref_visit_ratio = 1.0 if sn.refclass is not None and sn.refstat is not None and sn.stationToStateful is not None: refclass_c = int(sn.refclass.flatten()[chain_id]) if chain_id < len(sn.refclass.flatten()) else -1 if refclass_c >= 0: refstat_r = int(sn.refstat.flatten()[r]) if r < len(sn.refstat.flatten()) else -1 if refstat_r >= 0 and refstat_r < len(sn.stationToStateful): refstat_stateful = int(sn.stationToStateful[refstat_r]) if refstat_stateful >= 0 and refstat_stateful < visits.shape[0] and refclass_c < visits.shape[1]: ref_visit_ratio = visits[refstat_stateful, refclass_c] D[ist, r] = (visit_ratio / rate / ref_visit_ratio) if rate > 0 and ref_visit_ratio > 0 else 0 # Set mu scaling for multi-server if station_idx >= 0 and sn.nservers is not None: nserv = sn.nservers.flatten()[station_idx] if station_idx < len(sn.nservers.flatten()) else 1 for n in range(mu.shape[1]): mu[ist, n] = min(n + 1, nserv) # Compute think times Z Z = np.zeros(R) if sn.rates is not None and sn.visits: for ist in range(Mz): di = delay_indices[ist] station_idx = int(sn.nodeToStation[di]) if di < len(sn.nodeToStation) else -1 stateful_idx = int(sn.nodeToStateful[di]) if di < len(sn.nodeToStateful) else -1 for r in range(R): chain_id = get_chain_for_class(sn.chains, r) if chain_id >= 0 and chain_id in sn.visits: visits = sn.visits[chain_id] if (station_idx >= 0 and station_idx < sn.rates.shape[0] and r < sn.rates.shape[1] and sn.rates[station_idx, r] > 0): if stateful_idx >= 0 and stateful_idx < visits.shape[0] and r < visits.shape[1]: visit_ratio = visits[stateful_idx, r] rate = sn.rates[station_idx, r] # Normalize by reference station visit ratio (like MATLAB) ref_visit_ratio = 1.0 if sn.refclass is not None and sn.refstat is not None and sn.stationToStateful is not None: refclass_c = int(sn.refclass.flatten()[chain_id]) if chain_id < len(sn.refclass.flatten()) else -1 if refclass_c >= 0: refstat_r = int(sn.refstat.flatten()[r]) if r < len(sn.refstat.flatten()) else -1 if refstat_r >= 0 and refstat_r < len(sn.stationToStateful): refstat_stateful = int(sn.stationToStateful[refstat_r]) if refstat_stateful >= 0 and refstat_stateful < visits.shape[0] and refclass_c < visits.shape[1]: ref_visit_ratio = visits[refstat_stateful, refclass_c] Z[r] += (visit_ratio / rate / ref_visit_ratio) if rate > 0 and ref_visit_ratio > 0 else 0 # Compute total visits V = np.zeros((sn.nstations, R)) if sn.visits: for chain_id, visits in sn.visits.items(): if isinstance(visits, np.ndarray): for sf in range(min(visits.shape[0], sn.nstateful)): station_idx = int(sn.statefulToStation[sf]) if sf < len(sn.statefulToStation) else -1 if station_idx >= 0 and station_idx < V.shape[0]: for r in range(min(visits.shape[1], R)): V[station_idx, r] += visits[sf, r] # Clean up NaN values D = np.nan_to_num(D, nan=0.0) Z = np.nan_to_num(Z, nan=0.0) return ProductFormParams(lam, D, N, Z, mu, S, V)
[docs] def sn_get_residt_from_respt( sn: NetworkStruct, RN: np.ndarray, WH: Optional[Dict] = None ) -> np.ndarray: """ Compute residence times from response times. This function converts response times to residence times by accounting for visit ratios at each station. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object RN: Average response times (M, K) WH: Residence time handles (optional) Returns: WN: Average residence times (M, K) References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_get_residt_from_respt.m """ M = sn.nstations K = sn.nclasses WN = np.zeros((M, K)) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale V = np.zeros((M, K)) visits_obj = getattr(sn, 'visits', None) if visits_obj is not None and len(visits_obj) > 0: if isinstance(visits_obj, dict): visit_matrices = list(visits_obj.values()) elif isinstance(visits_obj, np.ndarray): if visits_obj.dtype == object: visit_matrices = [entry for entry in visits_obj.flat if entry is not None] else: visit_matrices = [visits_obj] elif isinstance(visits_obj, (list, tuple)): visit_matrices = list(visits_obj) else: visit_matrices = [visits_obj] stateful_to_station = getattr(sn, 'statefulToStation', None) if stateful_to_station is None or len(stateful_to_station) == 0: stateful_to_station = np.arange(M) else: stateful_to_station = np.asarray(stateful_to_station).flatten() for visits in visit_matrices: if visits is None: continue visits = np.asarray(visits) if visits.ndim == 1: visits = visits.reshape((-1, 1)) for sf in range(visits.shape[0]): station_idx = -1 if sf < len(stateful_to_station): mapped_idx = int(stateful_to_station[sf]) if 0 <= mapped_idx < M: station_idx = mapped_idx if 0 <= station_idx < M: cols = min(visits.shape[1], K) V[station_idx, :cols] += visits[sf, :cols] for ist in range(M): for k in range(K): if WH is not None and (ist, k) in WH and WH[(ist, k)].get('disabled', False): WN[ist, k] = np.nan elif RN is not None and ist < RN.shape[0] and k < RN.shape[1] and RN[ist, k] > 0: if RN[ist, k] < 1e-14: WN[ist, k] = RN[ist, k] else: # Find chain containing class k chain_id = get_chain_for_class(sn.chains, k) # Get reference station for class k refstat_k = int(sn.refstat.flatten()[k]) if sn.refstat is not None and k < len(sn.refstat.flatten()) else 0 # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale # Get refclass for this chain refclass = -1 if chain_id >= 0 and hasattr(sn, 'refclass') and sn.refclass is not None: refclass_arr = np.asarray(sn.refclass).flatten() if chain_id < len(refclass_arr): refclass = int(refclass_arr[chain_id]) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale use_refclass = False if refclass >= 0 and refclass < V.shape[1] and refstat_k < V.shape[0]: # Check if refclass has non-zero visits at reference station if V[refstat_k, refclass] > 1e-10: use_refclass = True if use_refclass: # Use just the reference class (matches MATLAB when refclass > 0 and has visits) refclass_list = [refclass] elif chain_id is not None and sn.inchain is not None and chain_id in sn.inchain: # Fallback to all classes in chain refclass_list = list(sn.inchain[chain_id]) else: refclass_list = [k] # fallback to single class # Sum visits at reference station for refclass(es) ref_visits_sum = 0.0 if refstat_k < V.shape[0]: for rc in refclass_list: if rc < V.shape[1]: ref_visits_sum += V[refstat_k, rc] if ref_visits_sum > 0: WN[ist, k] = RN[ist, k] * V[ist, k] / ref_visits_sum # Clean up (preserve Inf: saturated open stations report unbounded times) WN[np.isnan(WN)] = 0.0 WN[WN < 1e-12] = 0.0 return WN
[docs] def sn_get_state_aggr(sn: NetworkStruct) -> Dict[int, np.ndarray]: """ Get aggregated state representation. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object Returns: Dictionary mapping stateful node index to aggregated state References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_get_state_aggr.m """ state_aggr = {} if sn.state is None: return state_aggr for node_id, state in sn.state.items(): if state is not None: # Aggregate state by summing across phases if isinstance(state, np.ndarray) and state.ndim > 1: state_aggr[node_id] = np.sum(state, axis=0) else: state_aggr[node_id] = state return state_aggr
# ============================================================================ # Set functions - modify NetworkStruct in place # ============================================================================
[docs] def sn_set_arrival( sn: NetworkStruct, station_idx: int, class_idx: int, rate: float ) -> None: """ Set arrival rate for a class at a station. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) station_idx: Station index (0-based) class_idx: Class index (0-based) rate: Arrival rate References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_arrival.m """ if sn.rates is None: sn.rates = np.zeros((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses)) if station_idx < sn.rates.shape[0] and class_idx < sn.rates.shape[1]: sn.rates[station_idx, class_idx] = rate
[docs] def sn_set_service( sn: NetworkStruct, station_idx: int, class_idx: int, rate: float, scv: float = 1.0 ) -> None: """ Set service rate for a class at a station. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) station_idx: Station index (0-based) class_idx: Class index (0-based) rate: Service rate scv: Squared coefficient of variation (default 1.0 for exponential) References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_service.m """ if sn.rates is None: sn.rates = np.zeros((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses)) if sn.scv is None: sn.scv = np.ones((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses)) if station_idx < sn.rates.shape[0] and class_idx < sn.rates.shape[1]: sn.rates[station_idx, class_idx] = rate sn.scv[station_idx, class_idx] = scv
[docs] def sn_set_servers( sn: NetworkStruct, station_idx: int, nservers: int ) -> None: """ Set number of servers at a station. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) station_idx: Station index (0-based) nservers: Number of servers References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_servers.m """ if sn.nservers is None: sn.nservers = np.ones(sn.nstations) nservers_flat = sn.nservers.flatten() if station_idx < len(nservers_flat): nservers_flat[station_idx] = nservers sn.nservers = nservers_flat.reshape(sn.nservers.shape)
[docs] def sn_set_population( sn: NetworkStruct, class_idx: int, njobs: float ) -> None: """ Set population for a class. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) class_idx: Class index (0-based) njobs: Number of jobs (inf for open class) References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_population.m """ if sn.njobs is None: sn.njobs = np.zeros(sn.nclasses) njobs_flat = sn.njobs.flatten() if class_idx < len(njobs_flat): njobs_flat[class_idx] = njobs sn.njobs = njobs_flat.reshape(sn.njobs.shape) # Update nclosedjobs as sum of finite populations finite_jobs = njobs_flat[np.isfinite(njobs_flat)] sn.nclosedjobs = int(np.sum(finite_jobs))
[docs] def sn_set_priority( sn: NetworkStruct, class_idx: int, priority: int ) -> None: """ Set priority for a class. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) class_idx: Class index (0-based) priority: Priority level (lower = more priority; 0 is highest) References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_priority.m """ if sn.classprio is None: sn.classprio = np.zeros(sn.nclasses) prio_flat = sn.classprio.flatten() if class_idx < len(prio_flat): prio_flat[class_idx] = priority sn.classprio = prio_flat.reshape(sn.classprio.shape)
[docs] def sn_set_routing( sn: NetworkStruct, source_node: int, dest_node: int, source_class: int, dest_class: int, prob: float ) -> None: """ Set routing probability between nodes and classes. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) source_node: Source node index (0-based) dest_node: Destination node index (0-based) source_class: Source class index (0-based) dest_class: Destination class index (0-based) prob: Routing probability References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_routing.m """ N = sn.nnodes K = sn.nclasses if sn.rt is None: sn.rt = np.zeros((N * K, N * K)) source_idx = source_node * K + source_class dest_idx = dest_node * K + dest_class if source_idx < sn.rt.shape[0] and dest_idx < sn.rt.shape[1]: sn.rt[source_idx, dest_idx] = prob
# ============================================================================ # Refresh functions - recompute derived quantities # ============================================================================ def _sn_has_server_types(sn: NetworkStruct, ist: int) -> bool: """True when the station declares heterogeneous server types, whose rates live in nodeparam.""" param = None if getattr(sn, 'nodeparam', None) is not None: ind = int(sn.stationToNode[ist]) try: param = sn.nodeparam[ind] except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError): param = None if param is None: return False n = param.get('nservertypes', 0) if isinstance(param, dict) else getattr(param, 'nservertypes', 0) return bool(n) and int(n) > 0 def _csr_fill_nan_rows(P: sp.csr_matrix) -> None: """ Replace NaN routing entries with equal probabilities, in place, on CSR data. Sparse twin of the MATLAB per-row NaN fill in sn_refresh_visits.m: a Cache leaves its hit/miss routing NaN until the cache itself is solved, so the probability mass the row is missing is spread equally over its NaN entries. Structural zeros are never NaN, so only the stored entries need scanning. """ if not np.isnan(P.data).any(): return for row in range(P.shape[0]): s, e = P.indptr[row], P.indptr[row + 1] row_data = P.data[s:e] nan_mask = np.isnan(row_data) n_nan = int(nan_mask.sum()) if n_nan == 0: continue non_nan_sum = row_data[~nan_mask].sum() remaining_prob = max(0.0, 1.0 - non_nan_sum) row_data[nan_mask] = remaining_prob / n_nan if remaining_prob > 0 else 0.0 P.eliminate_zeros() def _csr_normalize_rows(P: sp.csr_matrix, tol: float) -> np.ndarray: """ Scale each row of a CSR matrix by its own sum, in place, and return the sums. Fork nodes route to every branch with probability 1, so their rows sum above 1 and the chain is not stochastic; the original sums are returned so the caller can detect the fork rows and correct the visit ratios afterwards. """ row_sums = np.asarray(P.sum(axis=1)).ravel() for row in range(P.shape[0]): rs = row_sums[row] if rs > tol: s, e = P.indptr[row], P.indptr[row + 1] P.data[s:e] /= rs return row_sums def _csr_threshold_mask(P: sp.csr_matrix, tol: float) -> sp.csr_matrix: """ Return the sparsity pattern of the entries of P that exceed tol. Sparse twin of the dense `P > tol`, which scipy rejects as inefficient for a nonzero scalar; structural zeros never exceed a positive tol, so only the stored entries need testing. """ mask = P.copy() mask.data = (mask.data > tol).astype(np.int8) mask.eliminate_zeros() return mask
[docs] def sn_refresh_cacheqn_visits(sn: NetworkStruct) -> None: """ Relabel every Cache node's self-switch with the split standing on the node, then refresh the visits derived from it. RESTORING THE HIT/MISS SPLIT IS NOT ENOUGH, BECAUSE THE VISITS ARE DERIVED FROM IT. `link()` lays down a uniform hit/miss split before any cache has been analyzed; a solver that writes `actualhitprob` back onto the node without this step leaves `rtnodes` -- and so `nodevisits` -- carrying that guess, and the node-level ResidT is then RespT times the wrong visit. Every MATLAB solver that writes a hit probability follows it with `refreshChains` for this reason, and the native analyzers relabel and call `sn_refresh_visits` inline (`solver_nc_cacheqn_analyzer`). Intended for the delegating bridges (`lang='java'`, `lang='cpp'`), which take the split from a foreign engine and must reproduce that refresh here. A cache whose node carries no split is left alone rather than zeroed: absent means the engine reported none, and the offered routing is then all there is. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) """ if sn.rtnodes is None or sn.nodeparam is None: return from ..mc.dtmc import dtmc_stochcomp K = int(sn.nclasses) I = int(sn.nnodes) touched = False for ind in range(I): if sn.nodetype is None or ind >= len(sn.nodetype) or sn.nodetype[ind] != NodeType.CACHE: continue cp = (sn.nodeparam.get(ind) if isinstance(sn.nodeparam, dict) else (sn.nodeparam[ind] if ind < len(sn.nodeparam) else None)) if cp is None: continue hitprob = getattr(cp, 'actualhitprob', None) missprob = getattr(cp, 'actualmissprob', None) if hitprob is None or missprob is None: continue # A retrieval system routes the read class into its retrieval classes as # well, so a two-way hit/miss rewrite of that row would DELETE them; its # own analyzer (da_cacheqn_retrieval) owns that routing. Test for a class # actually declared, NOT for the array's size: `retrieval_classes` is an # (items x classes) block of -1 sentinels on every ordinary cache, so a # size test skips every model and the refresh never runs at all. rc = getattr(cp, 'retrieval_classes', None) if rc is not None and np.any(np.asarray(rc) >= 0): continue hitprob = np.atleast_1d(hitprob).flatten() missprob = np.atleast_1d(missprob).flatten() # A delayed hit is a hit that waited: it leaves by the hit class, so the # branch probability is the sum. SolverMVA's retrieval analyzer splits # the same way when it writes the node. delayed = getattr(cp, 'actualdelayedhitprob', None) if delayed is not None: delayed = np.atleast_1d(delayed).flatten() hitclass = np.atleast_1d(getattr(cp, 'hitclass', [])).flatten().astype(int) missclass = np.atleast_1d(getattr(cp, 'missclass', [])).flatten().astype(int) for r in range(K): if r >= len(hitclass) or hitclass[r] < 0: continue if r >= len(hitprob) or not np.isfinite(hitprob[r]): continue ph = float(hitprob[r]) if delayed is not None and r < len(delayed) and np.isfinite(delayed[r]): ph += float(delayed[r]) pm = float(missprob[r]) if r < len(missprob) and np.isfinite(missprob[r]) else 1.0 - ph sn.rtnodes[ind * K + r, :] = 0 for jnd in range(I): if sn.connmatrix is None or ind >= sn.connmatrix.shape[0] \ or jnd >= sn.connmatrix.shape[1] or not sn.connmatrix[ind, jnd]: continue hc = hitclass[r] mc = missclass[r] if r < len(missclass) else -1 if 0 <= hc < K: sn.rtnodes[ind * K + r, jnd * K + hc] = ph if 0 <= mc < K: sn.rtnodes[ind * K + r, jnd * K + mc] = pm touched = True if not touched: return stateful_nodes = [i for i in range(I) if sn.isstateful is None or (i < len(sn.isstateful) and sn.isstateful[i])] idx = np.array([ind * K + k for ind in stateful_nodes for k in range(K)], dtype=int) new_rt = dtmc_stochcomp(sn.rtnodes, idx) sn.rt = new_rt if getattr(sn, 'rt_visits', None) is not None: sn.rt_visits = new_rt.copy() sn_refresh_visits(sn)
[docs] def sn_refresh_visits(sn: NetworkStruct) -> None: """ Refresh visit ratios from routing matrix. This function solves traffic equations to compute visit ratios at each station from the routing probability matrix. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (modified in place) References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_refresh_visits.m """ if sn.rt is None: return from ..mc.dtmc import dtmc_solve_reducible, dtmc_solve FINE_TOL = 1e-10 M = sn.nstateful # rt is stateful-indexed (matches MATLAB: M = sn.nstateful) K = sn.nclasses N = sn.nnodes # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale rt_for_visits = getattr(sn, 'rt_visits', None) if rt_for_visits is None: rt_for_visits = sn.rt # the per-chain routing matrices are slices of these, so sparsify once here # and keep sparse storage all the way to the DTMC solve rt_sparse = sp.csr_matrix(rt_for_visits) rtnodes_sparse = sp.csr_matrix(sn.rtnodes) if sn.rtnodes is not None else None # Initialize visits and nodevisits dictionaries sn.visits = {} sn.nodevisits = {} # Force all classes in a chain to have the same reference station # (matches MATLAB sn_refresh_visits.m lines 48-53) refstat = sn.refstat.flatten() if sn.refstat is not None else np.zeros(K, dtype=int) for c in range(sn.nchains): if c not in sn.inchain: continue classes_in_chain = np.array([int(k) for k in sn.inchain[c]]) # Check if all classes have the same refstat if len(classes_in_chain) > 0: first_refstat = int(refstat[classes_in_chain[0]]) if classes_in_chain[0] < len(refstat) else 0 for k in classes_in_chain: if k < len(refstat) and int(refstat[k]) != first_refstat: refstat[k] = first_refstat # Update sn.refstat sn.refstat = refstat.reshape(sn.refstat.shape) if sn.refstat is not None else refstat # Process each chain for c in range(sn.nchains): if c not in sn.inchain: continue classes_in_chain = np.array([int(k) for k in sn.inchain[c]]) nIC = len(classes_in_chain) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale chain_is_open = any(np.isinf(sn.njobs[k]) for k in classes_in_chain if k < len(sn.njobs)) if chain_is_open and sn.rates is not None: # Find Source station index source_station_idx = None if hasattr(sn, 'nodetype') and sn.nodetype is not None: for _node_idx in range(len(sn.nodetype)): if sn.nodetype[_node_idx] == NodeType.SOURCE: if hasattr(sn, 'nodeToStation') and sn.nodeToStation is not None: source_station_idx = int(sn.nodeToStation[_node_idx]) break if source_station_idx is not None and source_station_idx >= 0: chain_arv_rates = sn.rates[source_station_idx, classes_in_chain] chain_arv_rates = np.where(np.isnan(chain_arv_rates), 0, chain_arv_rates) if np.sum(chain_arv_rates) < FINE_TOL: # All arrival rates are zero - set visits to 0 sn.visits[c] = np.zeros((M, K)) sn.nodevisits[c] = np.zeros((N, K)) continue # ======================================================================== # STATION VISITS # ======================================================================== # Extract chain-specific routing matrix # Pchain[i,j] = P[(ist-1)*nIC+ik, (ist-1)*nIC+ik'] for ist, ik, ist', ik' cols = np.zeros(M * nIC, dtype=int) for ist in range(M): for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): cols[(ist) * nIC + ik_idx] = (ist) * K + int(ik) if np.any(cols >= rt_for_visits.shape[1]): # Handle bounds checking cols = cols[cols < rt_for_visits.shape[1]] if len(cols) > 0: Pchain = sp.csr_matrix(rt_sparse[cols, :][:, cols]) else: Pchain = sp.csr_matrix((0, 0)) # Match MATLAB sn_refresh_visits: replace NaN routing entries before DTMC solve. _csr_fill_nan_rows(Pchain) # the routing matrix carries a JMT-oriented uniform fill on DISABLED (node,class) pairs; # a class with no service at a station cannot be there -- see _kb/06-solver-catalog.md served = np.ones(Pchain.shape[0]) # ABSENT IS THE EMPTY ARRAY HERE, NOT None: every index map on # NetworkStruct defaults to np.array([]), so an `is not None` test is # always true and the -1 fallback below was unreachable. A struct built # without rates has no disabled (station,class) pair to drop. if sn.rates is not None and np.size(sn.rates) > 0: stf2st = sn.statefulToStation have_stf2st = stf2st is not None and np.size(stf2st) > 0 for ist in range(M): sti = int(stf2st[ist]) if (have_stf2st and ist < np.size(stf2st)) else -1 if sti < 0 or sti >= sn.nstations: continue # a Place, and a station declaring server types, carry NaN station rates by construction ntype = sn.nodetype[int(sn.stationToNode[sti])] if ntype in (NodeType.PLACE, NodeType.TRANSITION): continue if _sn_has_server_types(sn, sti): continue for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): if not np.isnan(sn.rates[sti, int(ik)]): continue idx = ist * nIC + ik_idx if idx < served.shape[0]: served[idx] = 0.0 if served.size and not served.all(): D = sp.diags(served) Pchain = sp.csr_matrix(D @ Pchain @ D) Pchain.eliminate_zeros() visited = np.asarray(Pchain.sum(axis=1)).ravel() > 0 # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale row_sums = np.ones(Pchain.shape[0]) if any(nt == NodeType.FORK for nt in sn.nodetype): row_sums = _csr_normalize_rows(Pchain, FINE_TOL) # Solve traffic equations using DTMC if np.sum(visited) > 0: vidx = np.where(visited)[0] Pchain_visited = Pchain[vidx, :][:, vidx] # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale try: alpha_visited = dtmc_solve(Pchain_visited) except Exception: alpha_visited = np.full(Pchain_visited.shape[0], np.nan) # Fallback to dtmc_solve_reducible if dtmc_solve fails (e.g., reducible chain) if np.all(alpha_visited == 0) or np.any(np.isnan(alpha_visited)): try: alpha_visited = dtmc_solve_reducible(Pchain_visited) except Exception: alpha_visited = np.zeros(Pchain_visited.shape[0]) else: alpha_visited = np.ones(np.sum(visited)) / np.sum(visited) # Expand back to full visited set alpha = np.zeros(M * nIC) alpha[visited] = alpha_visited # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale if any(nt == NodeType.FORK for nt in sn.nodetype) and np.any(row_sums > 1 + FINE_TOL): for idx in range(len(alpha)): if alpha[idx] > FINE_TOL: alpha[idx] = 1 # Create visit matrix visits = np.zeros((M, K)) for ist in range(M): for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): visits[ist, int(ik)] = alpha[ist * nIC + ik_idx] # Normalize by reference station visit using the stateful mapping, like MATLAB. refstat_station = int(sn.refstat.flatten()[classes_in_chain[0]]) if hasattr(sn, 'stationToStateful') and sn.stationToStateful is not None and refstat_station < len(sn.stationToStateful): refstat_idx = int(sn.stationToStateful[refstat_station]) else: refstat_idx = refstat_station if refstat_idx < M: normSum = np.sum(visits[refstat_idx, classes_in_chain]) if normSum > FINE_TOL: visits = visits / normSum # Remove numerical noise visits = np.abs(visits) sn.visits[c] = visits # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale if sn.rtnodes is not None: # Extract chain-specific node routing matrix nodes_cols = np.zeros(N * nIC, dtype=int) for ind in range(N): for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): nodes_cols[ind * nIC + ik_idx] = ind * K + int(ik) if np.any(nodes_cols >= sn.rtnodes.shape[1]): nodes_cols = nodes_cols[nodes_cols < sn.rtnodes.shape[1]] if len(nodes_cols) > 0: nodes_Pchain = sp.csr_matrix(rtnodes_sparse[nodes_cols, :][:, nodes_cols]) else: nodes_Pchain = sp.csr_matrix((0, 0)) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale _csr_fill_nan_rows(nodes_Pchain) # THE SAME DISABLED-PAIR MASK THE STATION BLOCK APPLIES ABOVE, and it # matters more here: at station level a (station,class) the class # cannot be served at is a dead end, while the node kernel keeps the # class-switch nodes between the stations, so the disabled states # close into a whole spurious CYCLE. A materialised LQN replica is # exactly that -- replica 2's stations still carry replica 1's classes # in rtnodes -- and dtmc_solve_reducible then splits the mass between # the real chain and the phantom one, giving every node of replica 2 # a visit in replica 1's classes. See _kb/03-api-layer.md. nodes_served = np.ones(nodes_Pchain.shape[0]) if sn.rates is not None and np.size(sn.rates) > 0: nd2st = sn.nodeToStation have_nd2st = nd2st is not None and np.size(nd2st) > 0 for ind in range(N): sti = int(nd2st[ind]) if (have_nd2st and ind < np.size(nd2st)) else -1 if sti < 0 or sti >= sn.nstations: continue # a Place, and a station declaring server types, carry NaN station rates by construction if sn.nodetype[ind] in (NodeType.PLACE, NodeType.TRANSITION): continue if _sn_has_server_types(sn, sti): continue for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): if not np.isnan(sn.rates[sti, int(ik)]): continue idx = ind * nIC + ik_idx if idx < nodes_served.shape[0]: nodes_served[idx] = 0.0 if nodes_served.size and not nodes_served.all(): nodes_D = sp.diags(nodes_served) nodes_Pchain = sp.csr_matrix(nodes_D @ nodes_Pchain @ nodes_D) nodes_Pchain.eliminate_zeros() nodes_visited = np.asarray(nodes_Pchain.sum(axis=1)).ravel() > 0 # Normalize for Fork nodes # Record original row sums to correct visit ratios after DTMC solve. nodes_row_sums = np.ones(nodes_Pchain.shape[0]) if any(nt == NodeType.FORK for nt in sn.nodetype): nodes_row_sums = _csr_normalize_rows(nodes_Pchain, FINE_TOL) # Solve traffic equations if np.sum(nodes_visited) > 0: nvidx = np.where(nodes_visited)[0] nodes_Pchain_visited = nodes_Pchain[nvidx, :][:, nvidx] # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale try: nodes_alpha_visited = dtmc_solve(nodes_Pchain_visited) except Exception: nodes_alpha_visited = np.full(nodes_Pchain_visited.shape[0], np.nan) # Fallback to dtmc_solve_reducible if dtmc_solve fails (e.g., reducible chain) if np.all(nodes_alpha_visited == 0) or np.any(np.isnan(nodes_alpha_visited)): try: nodes_alpha_visited = dtmc_solve_reducible(nodes_Pchain_visited) except Exception: nodes_alpha_visited = np.zeros(nodes_Pchain_visited.shape[0]) else: nodes_alpha_visited = np.ones(np.sum(nodes_visited)) / np.sum(nodes_visited) # Expand back to full visited set nodes_alpha = np.zeros(N * nIC) nodes_alpha[nodes_visited] = nodes_alpha_visited # SPN-based fork correction for node visits: stations/Fork get visit=1, # Join nodes get visit = number of direct predecessors. if any(nt == NodeType.FORK for nt in sn.nodetype) and np.any(nodes_row_sums > 1 + FINE_TOL): for idx in range(len(nodes_alpha)): if nodes_alpha[idx] > FINE_TOL: nd = idx // nIC if nd < len(sn.nodetype) and sn.nodetype[nd] == NodeType.JOIN: r = int(classes_in_chain[idx % nIC]) col = nd * K + r n_sources = int(np.sum(sn.rtnodes[:, col] > FINE_TOL)) nodes_alpha[idx] = n_sources else: nodes_alpha[idx] = 1 # Create nodevisits matrix nodevisits = np.zeros((N, K)) for ind in range(N): for ik_idx, ik in enumerate(classes_in_chain): nodevisits[ind, int(ik)] = nodes_alpha[ind * nIC + ik_idx] # Normalize by reference node visit if hasattr(sn, 'statefulToNode') and sn.statefulToNode is not None: refstat_idx = int(sn.refstat.flatten()[classes_in_chain[0]]) refnode_idx = int(sn.statefulToNode[refstat_idx]) nodeNormSum = np.sum(nodevisits[refnode_idx, classes_in_chain]) if nodeNormSum > FINE_TOL: nodevisits = nodevisits / nodeNormSum # Clean up numerical noise nodevisits[nodevisits < 0] = 0 nodevisits = np.nan_to_num(nodevisits, nan=0.0) sn.nodevisits[c] = nodevisits
# ============================================================================ # Fork/Join functions # ============================================================================
[docs] def sn_set_fork_fanout( sn: NetworkStruct, fork_node_idx: int, fan_out: int ) -> NetworkStruct: """ Set fork fanout (tasksPerLink) for a Fork node. Updates the fanOut field in nodeparam for a Fork node. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object fork_node_idx: Node index of the Fork node (0-based) fan_out: Number of tasks per output link (>= 1) Returns: Modified NetworkStruct Raises: ValueError: If the specified node is not a Fork node References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_fork_fanout.m """ # Verify it's a Fork node if sn.nodetype[fork_node_idx] != NodeType.FORK: raise ValueError(f'sn_set_fork_fanout: Node {fork_node_idx} is not a Fork node') # Initialize nodeparam if needed if sn.nodeparam is None: sn.nodeparam = [None] * sn.nnodes if sn.nodeparam[fork_node_idx] is None: sn.nodeparam[fork_node_idx] = {} # Update nodeparam sn.nodeparam[fork_node_idx]['fanOut'] = fan_out return sn
# ============================================================================ # Batch update functions # ============================================================================
[docs] def sn_set_service_batch( sn: NetworkStruct, rates: np.ndarray, scvs: Optional[np.ndarray] = None, auto_refresh: bool = False ) -> NetworkStruct: """ Set service rates for multiple station-class pairs. Batch update of service rates. NaN values are skipped (not updated). More efficient than calling sn_set_service multiple times. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object rates: Matrix of new rates (nstations x nclasses), NaN = skip scvs: Matrix of new SCVs (optional) auto_refresh: If True, refresh process fields (default False) Returns: Modified NetworkStruct References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_set_service_batch.m """ from .utils import sn_refresh_process_fields M = sn.nstations K = sn.nclasses rates = np.asarray(rates) # Track updated pairs for auto-refresh updated_pairs = [] # Update rates for i in range(min(M, rates.shape[0])): for j in range(min(K, rates.shape[1])): if not np.isnan(rates[i, j]): if sn.rates is None: sn.rates = np.zeros((M, K)) sn.rates[i, j] = rates[i, j] updated_pairs.append((i, j)) # Update SCVs if provided if scvs is not None: scvs = np.asarray(scvs) for i in range(min(M, scvs.shape[0])): for j in range(min(K, scvs.shape[1])): if not np.isnan(scvs[i, j]): if sn.scv is None: sn.scv = np.ones((M, K)) sn.scv[i, j] = scvs[i, j] # Auto-refresh if requested if auto_refresh: for ist, r in updated_pairs: sn = sn_refresh_process_fields(sn, ist, r) return sn
# ============================================================================ # Non-Markovian to PH conversion # ============================================================================
[docs] def sn_nonmarkov_toph( sn: NetworkStruct, options: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None ) -> NetworkStruct: """ Convert non-Markovian distributions to Phase-Type using approximation. This function scans all service and arrival processes in the network structure and converts non-Markovian distributions to Markovian Arrival Processes (MAPs) using the specified approximation method. Supported non-Markovian distributions: - GAMMA: Gamma distribution - WEIBULL: Weibull distribution - LOGNORMAL: Lognormal distribution - PARETO: Pareto distribution - UNIFORM: Uniform distribution - DET: Deterministic (converted to Erlang) Args: sn: NetworkStruct object (from getStruct()) options: Solver options dict with fields: - config.nonmkv: Method for conversion ('none', 'bernstein') - config.nonmkvorder: Number of phases for approximation (default 20) - config.preserveDet: Keep deterministic distributions (for MAP/D/c) Returns: Modified NetworkStruct with converted processes References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_nonmarkov_toph.m """ from ...constants import ProcessType from ..mam import map_bernstein, map_scale, map_erlang, map_pie, map_mean import warnings from scipy import stats if options is None: options = {} # Get non-Markovian conversion method from options config = options.get('config', {}) nonmkv_method = config.get('nonmkv', 'bernstein') # If method is 'none', return without any conversion if nonmkv_method.lower() == 'none': return sn # Get number of phases from options (default 20) n_phases = config.get('nonmkvorder', 20) # Family used when a concrete distribution has to be replaced by a Markovian # surrogate: 'cme' fits a concentrated matrix exponential plus an exponential # tail, 'ph' keeps the Erlang. At a budget of n_phases the ME reaches an SCV # of O(1/n_phases^2) where the Erlang stops at 1/n_phases, so 'cme' is the # default; SSA, Fluid and JMT pass 'ph' because they cannot consume an ME. phfit = str(config.get('phfit', 'cme')).lower() # Check if we should preserve deterministic distributions preserve_det = config.get('preserveDet', False) # Markovian ProcessType IDs (no conversion needed) markovian_types = { ProcessType.EXP, ProcessType.ERLANG, ProcessType.HYPEREXP, ProcessType.PH, ProcessType.APH, ProcessType.MAP, ProcessType.MMAP, ProcessType.MPH, ProcessType.MMAPT, ProcessType.MPHT, # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale ProcessType.ME, ProcessType.RAP, ProcessType.COXIAN, ProcessType.COX2, ProcessType.MMPP2, ProcessType.IMMEDIATE, ProcessType.DISABLED, # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale ProcessType.NHPP, ProcessType.MAPT, ProcessType.PHT } M = sn.nstations K = sn.nclasses for ist in range(M): for r in range(K): # Get process type if sn.procid is None or ist >= sn.procid.shape[0] or r >= sn.procid.shape[1]: continue proc_type_val = sn.procid[ist, r] # Skip if procType is NaN if proc_type_val is None or (isinstance(proc_type_val, float) and np.isnan(proc_type_val)): continue # Convert to ProcessType enum if needed if isinstance(proc_type_val, ProcessType): proc_type = proc_type_val elif isinstance(proc_type_val, (int, float)): proc_type_list = list(ProcessType) idx = int(proc_type_val) if 0 <= idx < len(proc_type_list): proc_type = proc_type_list[idx] else: continue else: continue # Skip if already Markovian, disabled, or immediate if proc_type in markovian_types: continue # Get target mean from rates if sn.rates is None or ist >= sn.rates.shape[0] or r >= sn.rates.shape[1]: continue rate = sn.rates[ist, r] if rate <= 0 or np.isnan(rate) or np.isinf(rate): continue target_mean = 1.0 / rate # Check if we should skip Det conversion for exact MAP/D/c analysis if proc_type == ProcessType.DET and preserve_det: continue # Issue warning warnings.warn( f'Distribution {proc_type.name} at station {ist} class {r} is ' f'non-Markovian and will be converted to PH ({n_phases} phases).', UserWarning ) # Get original process parameters orig_proc = None if sn.proc is not None and ist < len(sn.proc) and sn.proc[ist] is not None: if r < len(sn.proc[ist]): orig_proc = sn.proc[ist][r] # Define PDF function based on distribution type pdf_func = None # Set only by the families with a closed-form tail, and read only by # the long-tail fit below. ccdf_func = None if proc_type == ProcessType.GAMMA: if orig_proc is not None and len(orig_proc) >= 2: shape = orig_proc[0] scale = orig_proc[1] pdf_func = lambda x, s=shape, sc=scale: stats.gamma.pdf(x, a=s, scale=sc) ccdf_func = lambda x, s=shape, sc=scale: float(stats.gamma.sf(x, a=s, scale=sc)) elif proc_type == ProcessType.WEIBULL: if orig_proc is not None and len(orig_proc) >= 2: shape_param = orig_proc[0] # r scale_param = orig_proc[1] # alpha pdf_func = lambda x, c=shape_param, sc=scale_param: stats.weibull_min.pdf(x, c=c, scale=sc) ccdf_func = lambda x, c=shape_param, sc=scale_param: float(stats.weibull_min.sf(x, c=c, scale=sc)) elif proc_type == ProcessType.LOGNORMAL: if orig_proc is not None and len(orig_proc) >= 2: mu = orig_proc[0] sigma = orig_proc[1] pdf_func = lambda x, m=mu, s=sigma: stats.lognorm.pdf(x, s=s, scale=np.exp(m)) ccdf_func = lambda x, m=mu, s=sigma: float(stats.lognorm.sf(x, s=s, scale=np.exp(m))) elif proc_type == ProcessType.PARETO: if orig_proc is not None and len(orig_proc) >= 2: shape_param = orig_proc[0] # alpha scale_param = orig_proc[1] # k (minimum value) pdf_func = lambda x, a=shape_param, sc=scale_param: stats.pareto.pdf(x, b=a, scale=sc) ccdf_func = lambda x, a=shape_param, sc=scale_param: float(stats.pareto.sf(x, b=a, scale=sc)) elif proc_type == ProcessType.UNIFORM: if orig_proc is not None and len(orig_proc) >= 2: min_val = orig_proc[0] max_val = orig_proc[1] pdf_func = lambda x, lo=min_val, hi=max_val: stats.uniform.pdf(x, loc=lo, scale=hi-lo) elif proc_type == ProcessType.DET: # Deterministic: the most concentrated surrogate the phase budget # allows. Erlang-20 only reaches SCV 0.05; the CME plus exponential # reaches 5.7e-3 at the same 20 phases. MAP, actual = _fit_concentrated_surrogate(target_mean, 0.0, n_phases, phfit) sn = _update_sn_for_map(sn, ist, r, MAP, actual) continue # A concentrated ME matching the first two moments EXACTLY reproduces # the Pollaczek-Khinchine mean, which the Bernstein fit does not: on # M/Gamma/1 at rho 0.5 the shape fit lands 2.7e-2 away from the exact # mean queue length while the two-moment ME lands on it. The Bernstein # path is kept for phfit='ph', where it carries shape information that # a two-moment fit cannot, and for the solvers that need a phase-type. # The long-tail fit, when it was asked for and the law has a tail to # fit. It matches the ccdf at points spread over decades rather than # matching two moments, so it is the route for a Pareto, a Weibull # with shape below one or a Lognormal with a large sigma; a # light-tailed law has nothing for it to do and falls through to the # fits below. if phfit == 'hyperexp' and ccdf_func is not None: MAP_lt, n_lt = _fit_long_tail_surrogate(ccdf_func, target_mean) if MAP_lt is not None: sn = _update_sn_for_map(sn, ist, r, MAP_lt, n_lt) continue target_scv = float(sn.scv[ist, r]) if sn.scv is not None else 1.0 if phfit == 'cme' and 0.0 <= target_scv < 1.0: MAP, actual_me = _fit_concentrated_surrogate( target_mean, target_scv, n_phases, phfit) sn = _update_sn_for_map(sn, ist, r, MAP, actual_me) continue # Apply Bernstein approximation if PDF function is defined if pdf_func is not None: MAP = map_bernstein(pdf_func, n_phases) # Rescale to the target mean: map_scale multiplies the rates # by factor, dividing the mean by factor. cur_mean = map_mean(MAP[0], MAP[1]) MAP = map_scale(MAP[0], MAP[1], target_mean) else: # Generic fallback: same concentrated surrogate as the Det branch, # targeting the SCV recorded in sn. target_scv = float(sn.scv[ist, r]) if sn.scv is not None else 0.0 MAP, _ = _fit_concentrated_surrogate(target_mean, target_scv, n_phases, phfit) # Update the network structure for the converted MAP actual_phases = MAP[0].shape[0] if isinstance(MAP, (list, tuple)) else n_phases sn = _update_sn_for_map(sn, ist, r, MAP, actual_phases) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale if hasattr(sn, 'nodeparam') and sn.nodeparam: from ...lang.base import NodeType as _NodeType transition_v = int(_NodeType.TRANSITION.value) if hasattr(_NodeType.TRANSITION, 'value') else int(_NodeType.TRANSITION) for ind, nparam in sn.nodeparam.items(): if not hasattr(sn, 'nodetype') or sn.nodetype is None or ind >= len(sn.nodetype): continue nt = sn.nodetype[ind] nt_val = int(nt.value) if hasattr(nt, 'value') else int(nt) if nt_val != transition_v: continue nmodes = int(getattr(nparam, 'nmodes', 0) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('nmodes', 0)) if nmodes <= 0: continue distributions = getattr(nparam, 'distributions', None) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('distributions', None) firingproc = getattr(nparam, 'firingproc', None) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('firingproc', None) firingpie = getattr(nparam, 'firingpie', None) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('firingpie', None) firingphases = getattr(nparam, 'firingphases', None) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('firingphases', None) firingprocid = getattr(nparam, 'firingprocid', None) if not isinstance(nparam, dict) else nparam.get('firingprocid', None) if distributions is None or firingproc is None: continue for m in range(nmodes): dist = distributions[m] if m < len(distributions) else None if dist is None: continue # Skip if already PH (Markovian path populated firingproc). already_ph = (firingproc[m] is not None) and (firingphases is not None and m < len(firingphases) and not np.isnan(float(firingphases[m]))) if already_ph: continue # Resolve target mean. try: target_mean = float(dist.getMean()) except Exception: target_mean = None if target_mean is None or target_mean <= 0 or not np.isfinite(target_mean): continue # Identify class name for warning + DET branch. class_name = type(dist).__name__ if class_name == 'Det' and not preserve_det: MAP = map_erlang(target_mean, n_phases) else: # Generic continuous distribution: use evalPDF directly. if hasattr(dist, 'evalPDF'): pdf_func = lambda x, _d=dist: float(_d.evalPDF(x)) MAP = map_bernstein(pdf_func, n_phases) cur_mean = map_mean(MAP[0], MAP[1]) MAP = map_scale(MAP[0], MAP[1], target_mean) else: MAP = map_erlang(target_mean, n_phases) D0 = np.atleast_2d(np.asarray(MAP[0], dtype=float)) D1 = np.atleast_2d(np.asarray(MAP[1], dtype=float)) actual_phases = int(D0.shape[0]) try: pie = np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(map_pie(MAP), dtype=float)).ravel() except Exception: pie = np.zeros(actual_phases, dtype=float) if actual_phases > 0: pie[0] = 1.0 if pie.size < actual_phases: pie = np.pad(pie, (0, actual_phases - pie.size)) warnings.warn( f'Firing distribution {class_name} at Transition node {ind} mode {m} is ' f'non-Markovian and will be converted to PH ({actual_phases} phases).', UserWarning ) firingproc[m] = (D0, D1) firingpie[m] = pie firingphases[m] = float(actual_phases) if firingprocid is not None and m < len(firingprocid): firingprocid[m] = int(ProcessType.MAP.value) if hasattr(ProcessType.MAP, 'value') else int(ProcessType.MAP) return sn
def _fit_long_tail_surrogate(ccdf_func, target_mean): """ A hyperexponential fitted to the ccdf across decades (Feldmann and Whitt 1998), returned as its MAP pair and rescaled to the mean the struct carries. ``(None, 0)`` when the recursion declines the law: the components have to dominate one another at their own time scales, which a light-tailed law does not provide, and answering with a fit that does not hold is worse than falling through to the two-moment surrogate. """ from ..mam.hyperexp_longtail import hyperexp_fit_longtail from ..mam import map_scale try: fit = hyperexp_fit_longtail(ccdf_func) except Exception: return None, 0 p = np.asarray(fit['p'], dtype=float).ravel() lam = np.asarray(fit['lambda'], dtype=float).ravel() if p.size == 0 or not np.all(np.isfinite(lam)) or np.any(lam <= 0): return None, 0 n = p.size D0 = -np.diag(lam) D1 = np.diag(lam) @ np.tile(p, (n, 1)) MAP = map_scale(D0, D1, target_mean) return MAP, n def _fit_concentrated_surrogate(target_mean, target_scv, n_phases, phfit): """Build the Markovian surrogate of a concrete distribution. With ``phfit='cme'`` the surrogate is a concentrated matrix exponential convolved with an exponential (see fit_me_mean_scv): under a budget of ``n_phases`` it reaches an SCV of O(1/n_phases^2), where an Erlang of the same order stops at 1/n_phases. With ``phfit='ph'`` the Erlang is kept, which is what SSA, Fluid and JMT need since they cannot consume a matrix exponential. Returns the (D0, D1) pair and its actual number of phases. """ from ..mam import map_erlang if phfit == 'cme': from ...distributions.markovian import fit_me_mean_scv # A Det has SCV 0, which no ME attains; the budget-limited branch of the # fitter then returns the most concentrated member that fits. scv = max(float(target_scv), 1e-12) if scv < 1.0: fitted = fit_me_mean_scv(target_mean, min(scv, 1.0 - 1e-12), max_phases=n_phases) proc = fitted.getProcess() return (proc[0], proc[1]), fitted.getNumberOfPhases() MAP = map_erlang(target_mean, n_phases) return MAP, n_phases def _update_sn_for_map( sn: NetworkStruct, ist: int, r: int, MAP: Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray], n_phases: int ) -> NetworkStruct: """ Update all network structure fields for converted MAP. Updates proc, procid, phases, phasessz, phaseshift, mu, phi, pie, nvars, state. Args: sn: NetworkStruct object ist: Station index r: Class index MAP: MAP representation (D0, D1) n_phases: Number of phases Returns: Modified NetworkStruct References: MATLAB: matlab/src/api/sn/sn_nonmarkov_toph.m (updateSnForMAP helper) """ from ...constants import ProcessType from ..mam import map_pie # Save old phasessz before updating (needed for state expansion) old_phases = 1 if sn.phasessz is not None and ist < sn.phasessz.shape[0] and r < sn.phasessz.shape[1]: old_phases = int(sn.phasessz[ist, r]) # Update process representation if sn.proc is None: sn.proc = [[None] * sn.nclasses for _ in range(sn.nstations)] while len(sn.proc) <= ist: sn.proc.append([None] * sn.nclasses) while len(sn.proc[ist]) <= r: sn.proc[ist].append(None) sn.proc[ist][r] = MAP # Update procid if sn.procid is None: sn.procid = np.zeros((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses), dtype=object) # The conversion methods (map_bernstein, map_erlang, the CME fit) always # produce a RENEWAL process, so it is tagged PH, not MAP, exactly as MATLAB # updateSnForMAP does. Tagging MAP made the MAM handler treat the service as # a correlated arrival process and fall back to the exponential rate: an # M/Gamma/1 at rho 0.5 returned the M/M/1 answer 1.0 instead of 0.8125. # A surrogate that is NOT a phase-type is tagged ME and recorded in sn.isph, # so the CTMC assembles a rational generator and the PH-only consumers refuse. from .utils import sn_is_phasetype is_ph = sn_is_phasetype(MAP) sn.procid[ist, r] = ProcessType.PH if is_ph else ProcessType.ME if sn.isph is None: sn.isph = np.ones((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses), dtype=bool) sn.isph[ist, r] = is_ph # Update phases if sn.phases is None: sn.phases = np.ones((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses)) sn.phases[ist, r] = n_phases # Update phasessz (integer dtype: state-space slicing indexes with these) if sn.phasessz is None: sn.phasessz = np.ones((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses), dtype=int) elif not np.issubdtype(sn.phasessz.dtype, np.integer): sn.phasessz = sn.phasessz.astype(int) sn.phasessz[ist, r] = max(int(n_phases), 1) # Recompute phaseshift for this station (cumulative sum across classes) if sn.phaseshift is None: sn.phaseshift = np.zeros((sn.nstations, sn.nclasses + 1), dtype=int) elif not np.issubdtype(sn.phaseshift.dtype, np.integer): sn.phaseshift = sn.phaseshift.astype(int) sn.phaseshift[ist, :] = np.concatenate([[0], np.cumsum(sn.phasessz[ist, :])]) # Update mu (rates from -diag(D0)) D0 = MAP[0] D1 = MAP[1] if sn.mu is None: sn.mu = [[None] * sn.nclasses for _ in range(sn.nstations)] while len(sn.mu) <= ist: sn.mu.append([None] * sn.nclasses) while len(sn.mu[ist]) <= r: sn.mu[ist].append(None) sn.mu[ist][r] = -np.diag(D0) # Update phi (completion probabilities: sum(D1,2) / -diag(D0)) D0_diag = -np.diag(D0) D1_rowsum = np.sum(D1, axis=1) if sn.phi is None: sn.phi = [[None] * sn.nclasses for _ in range(sn.nstations)] while len(sn.phi) <= ist: sn.phi.append([None] * sn.nclasses) while len(sn.phi[ist]) <= r: sn.phi[ist].append(None) with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'): phi_val = D1_rowsum / D0_diag phi_val = np.nan_to_num(phi_val, nan=1.0, posinf=1.0, neginf=0.0) sn.phi[ist][r] = phi_val # Update pie (initial phase distribution) if sn.pie is None: sn.pie = [[None] * sn.nclasses for _ in range(sn.nstations)] while len(sn.pie) <= ist: sn.pie.append([None] * sn.nclasses) while len(sn.pie[ist]) <= r: sn.pie[ist].append(None) sn.pie[ist][r] = map_pie(MAP) # see _kb/03-api-layer.md for rationale return sn def zero_source_metrics(QN, UN, sn): """ Zero the queue length and utilization of every Source station. A Source holds no jobs and occupies no server, so both are zero BY DISCIPLINE rather than by sign. Applied to the stored result, not to the table, so a caller reading the solver's own arrays sees the same thing the table does. Solvers otherwise leave arbitrary values in that row (measured on an open M/M/1: NC U=1, MAM Q=1, CTMC Q=Inf), which the table layer only ever suppressed incidentally, through a threshold on RESPONSE TIME. Args: QN: (nstations, nclasses) queue-length matrix, or None. UN: (nstations, nclasses) utilization matrix, or None. sn: NetworkStruct providing nodetype and nodeToStation. Returns: Tuple ``(QN, UN)``. Both are copied, not mutated. """ if sn is None: return QN, UN nodetype = getattr(sn, 'nodetype', None) node_to_station = getattr(sn, 'nodeToStation', None) if nodetype is None or node_to_station is None: return QN, UN nodetype = np.asarray(nodetype).flatten() node_to_station = np.asarray(node_to_station).flatten() src = [int(node_to_station[i]) for i in range(min(len(nodetype), len(node_to_station))) if nodetype[i] == NodeType.SOURCE and node_to_station[i] >= 0] if not src: return QN, UN out = [] for M in (QN, UN): if M is None: out.append(M) continue M = np.array(M, dtype=float, copy=True) if M.ndim == 2: M[[i for i in src if i < M.shape[0]], :] = 0.0 out.append(M) return out[0], out[1] def cap_unstable_open_util(UN, TN, sn): """ Cap the reported utilization of unstable open queueing stations at 1.0. A finite-server queueing station serving an open class is unstable when its offered load ``rho = sum_r T[i,r] / (nservers[i] * rate[i,r]) >= 1``. Such a station is fully saturated, so LINE reports its utilization as 1.0, split across classes in proportion to their offered load. ``rho`` is recomputed from throughput and service rate so the cap is independent of whatever value the solver algorithm left in ``U`` (some leave 0, others the raw rho). Source (EXT) and infinite-server / delay (INF) stations are excluded: their "utilization" is the mean number of busy servers and may legitimately exceed 1. Args: UN: (nstations, nclasses) per-class utilization matrix. TN: (nstations, nclasses) per-class throughput matrix. sn: NetworkStruct providing njobs, nservers, rates, sched. Returns: Tuple ``(UN_capped, any_unstable)``. ``UN`` is copied, not mutated. """ UN = np.array(UN, dtype=float, copy=True) TN = np.asarray(TN, dtype=float) if UN.ndim != 2 or UN.shape != TN.shape: return UN, False any_unstable = False for i, rho, rho_tot, _ in _unstable_open_stations(TN, sn): any_unstable = True UN[i, :] = rho / rho_tot # station total capped to 1.0 return UN, any_unstable def _station_bounded(sn, i) -> bool: """Whether station ``i`` has a binding buffer: its own capacity, a per-class capacity, or membership of a finite capacity region. Such a station cannot be unstable however heavily it is offered, the excess being blocked or lost.""" cap = getattr(sn, 'cap', None) if cap is not None: arr = np.asarray(cap, dtype=float).flatten() if i < arr.size and np.isfinite(arr[i]): return True classcap = getattr(sn, 'classcap', None) if classcap is not None: arr = np.atleast_2d(np.asarray(classcap, dtype=float)) if arr.ndim == 2 and i < arr.shape[0] and np.any(np.isfinite(arr[i, :])): return True members = getattr(sn, 'regionmembers', None) if members: for mask in members: if mask is None: continue arr = np.asarray(mask).flatten() if i < arr.size and arr[i]: return True return False def _station_reneges(sn, i) -> bool: """Whether any class at station ``i`` declares reneging, i.e. a waiting job may abandon. Such a station has a bounded queue at every offered load.""" cls = getattr(sn, 'impatienceClass', None) if cls is None: return False arr = np.asarray(cls) if arr.ndim != 2 or i >= arr.shape[0]: return False from ...lang.base import ImpatienceType return bool(np.any(arr[i, :] == int(ImpatienceType.RENEGING))) def _unstable_open_stations(TN, sn): """Yield ``(i, rho, rho_tot, open_cls)`` for every finite-server queueing station i whose offered load from open classes is >= 1 (saturated). ``rho`` is the per-class offered load vector recomputed from throughput and service rate; ``open_cls`` is the boolean open-class mask. Source (EXT) and infinite-server (INF) stations are skipped.""" TN = np.asarray(TN, dtype=float) if TN.ndim != 2: return njobs = np.asarray(sn.njobs, dtype=float).flatten() open_cls = ~np.isfinite(njobs) if not np.any(open_cls): return nservers = np.asarray(sn.nservers, dtype=float).flatten() rates = np.asarray(sn.rates, dtype=float) M, K = TN.shape for i in range(M): c = nservers[i] if i < len(nservers) else 1.0 if not np.isfinite(c) or c <= 0: continue # infinite-server / delay station: never capped try: sched_name = getattr(sn.sched[i], 'name', None) except Exception: sched_name = None if sched_name in ('INF', 'EXT'): continue # delay (INF) or source (EXT) station # A STATION WITH A BINDING BUFFER CANNOT BE UNSTABLE, however heavily it # is offered: the buffer bounds the queue and the excess is blocked or # lost. rho = T/(c*rate) reaches exactly 1 at such a station -- that is # what a saturated server WITH a finite buffer looks like -- so without # this the queue length of an M/M/1/K in overload is reported as Inf # while the solver's own answer is the cap. if _station_bounded(sn, i): continue # A STATION CUSTOMERS ABANDON CANNOT BE UNSTABLE, however heavily it is # offered: reneging bounds the queue, the excess leaving instead of # accumulating. rho = T/(c*rate) reaches exactly 1 there -- that is what # a saturated server WITH abandonment looks like -- so without this the # Erlang A queue length that qsys_erlanga and qsys_ggisgi_fluid compute # exactly would be overwritten with Inf. if _station_reneges(sn, i): continue # A load-dependent station serves faster than its nominal rate; without # the peak scaling the test reads the rate at population one and calls a # stable station saturated (e.g. the discrete-time p(n)=p*min(n,s) # server of Daduna's example 2.10). lldpeak = 1.0 lld = getattr(sn, 'lldscaling', None) if lld is not None and np.size(lld) > 0: arr = np.asarray(lld, dtype=float) if arr.ndim == 2 and arr.shape[0] > i: row = arr[i, :] row = row[np.isfinite(row) & (row > 0)] if row.size > 0: lldpeak = float(row.max()) rho = np.zeros(K) has_open = False for r in range(K): if (i < rates.shape[0] and r < rates.shape[1] and rates[i, r] > 0 and TN[i, r] > 0): rho[r] = TN[i, r] / (c * lldpeak * rates[i, r]) if open_cls[r]: has_open = True rho_open = float(rho[open_cls].sum()) rho_tot = float(rho.sum()) if has_open and rho_open >= 1.0 and rho_tot > 0: yield i, rho, rho_tot, open_cls def saturate_unstable_open_metrics(QN, RN, TN, sn): """ Sanitize per-station metrics at unstable (saturated) open stations. Analytical open-queue formulas diverge when the offered load rho >= 1: fixed-point algorithms leave overflow-scale garbage in QN/RN. At every saturated station the open classes have unbounded queue length and response time, reported Inf. THROUGHPUT IS LEFT AS THE ANALYZER COMPUTED IT, i.e. the offered rate, which is what getAvg.m and the JAR both report (measured on test_gallery_hyperl1_feedback: Tput 10, not the service capacity 2). Rescaling it to the capacity was a python-only rule and made the station's Tput and ArvR describe two different flows. Args: QN, RN, TN: (nstations, nclasses) metric matrices (copied, not mutated). sn: NetworkStruct providing njobs, nservers, rates, sched. Returns: Tuple ``(QN, RN, TN, any_unstable)``. """ QN = np.array(QN, dtype=float, copy=True) RN = np.array(RN, dtype=float, copy=True) TN = np.array(TN, dtype=float, copy=True) if QN.ndim != 2 or QN.shape != TN.shape: return QN, RN, TN, False any_unstable = False for i, rho, _, open_cls in _unstable_open_stations(TN, sn): any_unstable = True # Open classes saturate the station: unbounded backlog. for r in range(QN.shape[1]): if open_cls[r] and rho[r] > 0: QN[i, r] = np.inf if RN.shape == QN.shape: RN[i, r] = np.inf return QN, RN, TN, any_unstable
[docs] def sn_rt_stations(sn: NetworkStruct): """Station-to-station routing probabilities and per-station visits. ``sn.rt`` and ``sn.visits`` are indexed by STATEFUL node, so a solver that writes traffic equations over stations and indexes them by station index silently reads the wrong rows as soon as the model owns a stateful node that is not a station (Router, Cache, stateful class switch). The returned routing matrix absorbs those nodes, Pst = P_AA + P_AB * (I - P_BB)^-1 * P_BA, with A the station rows in station order and B the remaining stateful rows, which is exact because a non-station stateful node holds no jobs: it passes every arrival on instantaneously. When every stateful node is a station the result is ``sn.rt`` unchanged. Args: sn: NetworkStruct Returns: Tuple ``(rt_stations, visits_stations)`` of shapes (M*K, M*K) and (M, K). """ K = int(sn.nclasses) M = int(sn.nstations) S = int(sn.nstateful) stationToStateful = np.asarray(sn.stationToStateful).ravel().astype(int) is_st = np.zeros(S, dtype=bool) is_st[stationToStateful] = True A = np.concatenate([stationToStateful[ist] * K + np.arange(K) for ist in range(M)]) \ if M > 0 else np.zeros(0, dtype=int) B = np.concatenate([isf * K + np.arange(K) for isf in range(S) if not is_st[isf]]) \ if S > int(is_st.sum()) else np.zeros(0, dtype=int) P = np.asarray(sn.rt, dtype=float) if B.size == 0: rtst = P[np.ix_(A, A)] else: rtst = P[np.ix_(A, A)] + P[np.ix_(A, B)] @ np.linalg.solve( np.eye(B.size) - P[np.ix_(B, B)], P[np.ix_(B, A)]) Vall = np.zeros((S, K)) if sn.visits: for c in sn.visits: Vall = Vall + np.asarray(sn.visits[c], dtype=float).reshape(S, K) Vst = Vall[stationToStateful, :] return rtst, Vst